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Phoenix of Hiroshima
The ''Phoenix of Hiroshima'' was a 50-foot, 30-ton yacht that circumnavigated the globe and was later involved in several famous protest voyages. Between its launch in 1954 and its sinking in 2010, the ''Phoenix'' carried a family around the world, was used to make protest voyages against nuclear weapons, was declared a Japanese national shrine, and ended up offered free on Craigslist, gutted and stripped of masts, phoenix figurehead and every identifying mark but the words "Phoenix of Hiroshima."
==Construction and launch==
Named for the mythological bird which rises from the ashes of its own destruction, the ''Phoenix'' was built near Hiroshima and launched May 5, 1954. It was designed by Dr. Earle L. Reynolds (1910-1998), an anthropologist who had been sent to Hiroshima by the National Academy of Sciences to research the effects of the first atomic bomb on the physical growth and development of surviving Japanese children (1951–1954).〔Reynolds, E. L. (Growth and Development of Hiroshima Children Exposed to the Atomic Bomb. ) Three Year Study (1951-3). Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission Technical Report 20-59, 1959. Cited in Joseph L. Belsky and William J. Blot, ''Adult Stature in Relation to Childhood Exposure to the Atomic Bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.''〕 In Oriental mythology the Phoenix is a bird which appears only in time of universal peace.
Dr. Reynolds patterned the , double-ended ketch on the Colin Archer design used for sturdy Norwegian fishing vessels. The boat rose symbolically from the ashes of the city destroyed by the first atomic bomb but it also rose, over the period of a year and a half, from the small unprepossessing shipyard of Mr. Yotsuda in Miyajimaguchi, across the Inland Sea of Japan from the famous Miyajima Shrine. Until approached by Reynolds, Yotsuda had only built sampans and was struggling to recover financially from the second World War.
The boat was originally constructed entirely of native Japanese woods. (In 1956, the mainmast became infested with borer-type insects and was replaced in Auckland with one of native New Zealand kauri pine.) It was double-planked, mahogany over hinoki (cypress). The hull was hinoki above the water line, sugi (cryptomeria cedar) below. The cabins below decks consisted of mahogany, camphor, cherry, chestnut and Japanese cabinet woods.〔Earle Reynolds, "We Crossed the Pacific the Hard Way," ''Saturday Evening Post'', May 7,14 and 21, 1955.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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